Harf
Script shown with the Urdu

آفریں آفریں Afreen Afreen — Praise Upon Praise

Javed Akhtar

1945– living

Nazm

Somebody is looking at a woman and has stopped being able to say anything except one word. The word is afreen, bravo, praise, and the song is built entirely out of it. It is the most relaxed compliment in the language: no metaphor, no comparison, just applause, repeated until applause becomes the whole song.

Javed Akhtar wrote it and Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan sang it first in 1996, and twenty years later Coke Studio rebuilt it with Rahat Fateh Ali Khan and Momina Mustehsan, and the recording went around the world. Four passages ahead, and every one of them is a different reason to say the one word.

01  — afreen afreen afreen ke main kaha ni

آفریں آفریں آفریں کہ میں کہہ نہ سکی
نیناں گلابی جلف گھٹائی
دل کتھے ہے دل دا پتہ نی

आफ़रीं आफ़रीं आफ़रीं के मैं कह न सकी
नैनाँ गुलाबी जुल्फ़ घटाई
दिल कित्थे है दिल दा पता नी

afreen afreen afreen ke main kaha ni
nainan gulabi julf ghataaye
dil kithhe hai dil da pata ni

Praise, praise, praise, for I cannot even say it. Her eyes are pink, her hair a low-hanging cloud, and my heart, where is it, there is no news of it.

The song confesses its own failure in the first line and then does the work anyway. Ke main kaha ni is the singer giving up on description, which is the best possible opening for a poem of pure praise, and what follows is the attempt: eyes the colour of pink, hair like a lowered cloud, and a heart that has lost its address. The last line is the oldest trick in love poetry, delivered in the song's relaxed Punjabi.

آفریں afreen
bravo; praise, applause
جلف julf
a curl of hair; the hair itself

02  — ki kaha is shokh hawa nu

کی کہا اس شوخ ہوا نوں
ہور نکھرے تیری ادا نوں
دنیا تیری سادی ہے کی
آفریں آفریں آفریں

की कहा इस शोख़ हवा नूँ
होर निखरे तेरी अदा नूँ
दुनिया तेरी सादी है की
आफ़रीं आफ़रीं आफ़रीं

ki kaha is shokh hawa nu
hor nikhare teri ada nu
duniya teri saadi hai ki
afreen afreen afreen

What to tell this naughty wind, it keeps bringing out your charm even more. What is this simple world of yours? Praise, praise, praise.

The wind is made a character, and a flirtatious one. Shokh is the word for playful, forward, saucy, and the wind is both the naughty thing carrying her scent and the thing that makes her mannerisms, ada, stand out more. The third line then flips the whole passage: this world of yours is so plain, saadi. She is the one complicated thing in it, and the applause comes back.

شوخ shokh
playful, saucy, forward
ادا ada
a mannerism, a charm, a way of moving
سادہ saada
plain, simple

03  — pariyan da vi sneh aaya

پریاں دا وی سنیہ آیا
تینوں دل دی رانی بنایا
اس دنیا دی لگدی تو نی
آفریں آفریں آفریں

परियाँ दा वी स्नेह आया
तैनू दिल दी रानी बनाया
इस दुनिया दी लगदी तू नी
आफ़रीं आफ़रीं आफ़रीं

pariyan da vi sneh aaya
tainu dil di rani banaya
is duniya di lagdi tu ni
afreen afreen afreen

Even the fairies felt affection, and made you the queen of the heart. You do not seem to belong to this world. Praise, praise, praise.

The compliment scales up to the supernatural and the mythic in one couplet. The fairies, pariyan, the beings of the other world, took one look and crowned her queen of the heart. Then the line that does the real work: is duniya di lagdi tu ni. She does not appear to be made of this world's stuff. It is the oldest hyperbole in the region's poetry, and the song says it without raising its voice.

پری pari
a fairy
سنیہ sneyh
affection, love
رانی rani
a queen

04  — tera chehra chehra tera chehra

تیرا چہرا چہرا تیرا چہرا
کہ میں کہہ نہ سکی
نیناں گلابی جلف گھٹائی
دل کتھے ہے دل دا پتہ نی

तेरा चेहरा चेहरा तेरा चेहरा
के मैं कह न सकी
नैनाँ गुलाबी जुल्फ़ घटाई
दिल कित्थे है दिल दा पता नी

tera chehra chehra tera chehra
ke main kaha ni
nainan gulabi julf ghataaye
dil kithhe hai dil da pata ni

Your face, your face, your face. For I cannot even say it. Her eyes are pink, her hair a low-hanging cloud, and my heart, where is it, there is no news of it.

The song closes by circling back to its own first lines, and the chehra refrain does what the word afreen does: it points instead of describing. Tera chehra, chehra, tera chehra is the sound of a person who has run out of language and is repeating the one thing that caused it. Then the opening confession returns, and the piece ends where it began, with the applause still going.

چہرا chehra
a face

Reading it whole

The word afreen is the song, and the song never stops explaining it. It is the shout a crowd gives a performer, and Urdu and Persian poetry use it for the moment a beauty takes the breath away so completely that the only sound left is an ovation. The song says it over and over, and every passage is a fresh attempt to justify it, which is exactly how the word works in life: the reasons come after the applause, and they never catch up.

The opening passage does the strangest thing in the piece. He cannot even say it, the song admits, ke main kaha ni, and then it tries anyway: her eyes, gulabi, pink, and the cloud of her hair, and the heart that has lost its own address, dil da pata ni. The song is in Punjabi-flavoured Urdu, and the lightness of it matters. This is a compliment that refuses to stand at attention.

The second passage turns the whole natural world into her critics' circle. What to tell this naughty wind, which keeps showing off her mannerisms, ada nu. Even the wind has noticed and cannot stop imitating her. And then the line that flatters by subtraction: the whole world is simple next to you, duniya teri saadi hai ki. She is the only complicated thing in a world that suddenly reads as easy.

The third passage brings in the fairies, pariyan, and they do what the natural world could not. They made her the queen of the heart, dil di rani. And the last line of the passage is the largest thing the song says: is duniya di lagdi tu ni. She does not seem to belong to this world. It is the oldest compliment in the region's poetry, and the song delivers it so casually that it lands.

The closing passage returns to the refrain, tera chehra, your face, and lets the word have the last word. Nusrat's 1996 original paired him with Javed Akhtar on the album Sangam, and the Coke Studio version, arranged by Faakhir Mehmood, is the one that made the song a global thing. Between them they turned a compliment into one of the most played recordings in the subcontinent's pop.

Recordings

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Text and rights

Devanagari text supplied and checked by a reader who knows the language. The Urdu script and the transliteration follow that reading.

The words are Javed Akhtar's, sung first by Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan on the 1996 album Sangam. The refrain returns between passages in the recording, more often than it is printed here.

Javed Akhtar is alive and writing, so this song is still in copyright. It is quoted here as the subject of Harf's own criticism: the translation, the reading of each passage and the essay around them are original work written for this page. If you hold the rights and would like something changed, tell us on Instagram.