Harf
Script shown with the Urdu

وہ جو ہم میں تم میں قرار تھا Vo Jo Ham Mein Tum Mein Qaraar Tha — That Understanding There Was Between Us

Momin Khan Momin

1800– 1852

Ghazal

Momin is making a list of things that happened between two people and handing each one over to somebody who may not have kept it. Sulking about nothing in particular. A whole conversation carried on in signals across a crowded room. A quarrel on the one night they had. He sets each memory down and then adds, every single time, whether you remember it or not.

He never once asks her outright, which is the ache of the thing. Momin was a Delhi physician and astrologer whom Ghalib treated as a real rival; the story goes that Ghalib offered his entire collected work in exchange for a single couplet of his. Eleven couplets ahead. Any of them could be settled by simply putting the question, and he never does.

01  — vo jo ham men tum men qarar tha tumhen yaad ho ki na yaad ho Matla · the opening

وہ جو ہم میں تم میں قرار تھا تمہیں یاد ہو کہ نہ یاد ہو
وہی یعنی وعدہ نباہ کا تمہیں یاد ہو کہ نہ یاد ہو

वो जो हम में तुम में क़रार था तुम्हें याद हो कि न याद हो
वही या'नी वा'दा निबाह का तुम्हें याद हो कि न याद हो

vo jo ham men tum men qarar tha tumhen yaad ho ki na yaad ho
vahi yaani vaada nibah ka tumhen yaad ho ki na yaad ho

That understanding there was between us — whether you remember it or not. That promise, I mean, to see it through — whether you remember it or not.

He starts with the most formal item on the list and then corrects himself mid-couplet. Vahi yaani, that is to say, as though qarar were too vague and he wants the specific thing named. What he settles on is the promise to keep going. That is what the whole poem is about, and he gets it out of the way first.

قرار qarar
an agreement, a settled understanding
نباہ nibah
seeing a thing through, keeping it up

02  — vo jo lutf mujh pe the beshtar vo karam ki tha mire haal par

وہ جو لطف مجھ پہ تھے بیشتر وہ کرم کہ تھا مرے حال پر
مجھے سب ہے یاد ذرا ذرا تمہیں یاد ہو کہ نہ یاد ہو

वो जो लुत्फ़ मुझ पे थे बेशतर वो करम कि था मिरे हाल पर
मुझे सब है याद ज़रा ज़रा तुम्हें याद हो कि न याद हो

vo jo lutf mujh pe the beshtar vo karam ki tha mire haal par
mujhe sab hai yaad zara zara tumhen yaad ho ki na yaad ho

Those kindnesses you showed me, that generosity towards my condition — I remember all of it, every smallest piece, whether you remember it or not.

The one couplet where he says what is in his own head, and he says it in the most emphatic way available: zara zara, bit by bit. Everywhere else the remembering is left to her. Here he puts his on the record once, and after this you can feel exactly how one-sided the arrangement is.

لطف lutf
kindness, favour
کرم karam
generosity

03  — vo nae gile vo shikayaten vo maze maze ki hikayaten

وہ نئے گلے وہ شکایتیں وہ مزے مزے کی حکایتیں
وہ ہر ایک بات پہ روٹھنا تمہیں یاد ہو کہ نہ یاد ہو

वो नए गिले वो शिकायतें वो मज़े मज़े की हिकायतें
वो हर एक बात पे रूठना तुम्हें याद हो कि न याद हो

vo nae gile vo shikayaten vo maze maze ki hikayaten
vo har ek baat pe ruthna tumhen yaad ho ki na yaad ho

Those fresh reproaches, those complaints, those delicious stories, the sulking over every little thing — whether you remember it or not.

Look at what he has picked. Not vows or crises but friction: the reproaches, the sulks, the small manufactured grievances. Maze maze ki hikayaten, stories told for the pleasure of telling them. He is remembering the texture of being around somebody, which is the part that goes first.

گلے gile
reproaches
حکایت hikayat
a tale, a story
روٹھنا ruthna
to sulk, to take offence

04  — kabhi baithe sab men jo ru-ba-ru to isharaton hi se guftugu

کبھی بیٹھے سب میں جو روبرو تو اشارتوں ہی سے گفتگو
وہ بیان شوق کا برملا تمہیں یاد ہو کہ نہ یاد ہو

कभी बैठे सब में जो रू-ब-रू तो इशारतों ही से गुफ़्तुगू
वो बयान शौक़ का बरमला तुम्हें याद हो कि न याद हो

kabhi baithe sab men jo ru-ba-ru to isharaton hi se guftugu
vo bayan shauq ka barmala tumhen yaad ho ki na yaad ho

Sometimes, sitting face to face in company, the whole conversation carried on in signals — that open declaration of longing, whether you remember it or not.

The couplet contradicts itself. The talking is done in secret signs, and it is also barmala, out in the open. Both are true. Nobody in the room could decode it, and to the two of them nothing was being hidden at all. That is the exact feeling of a private understanding held in public, and it takes him one line.

اشارات isharat
signs, gestures
برملا barmala
openly, in plain view

05  — hue ittifaq se gar baham to vafa jatane ko dam-ba-dam

ہوئے اتفاق سے گر بہم تو وفا جتانے کو دم بہ دم
گلۂ ملامت اقربا تمہیں یاد ہو کہ نہ یاد ہو

हुए इत्तिफ़ाक़ से गर बहम तो वफ़ा जताने को दम-ब-दम
गिला-ए-मलामत-ए-अक़रिबा तुम्हें याद हो कि न याद हो

hue ittifaq se gar baham to vafa jatane ko dam-ba-dam
gila-e-malamat-e-aqriba tumhen yaad ho ki na yaad ho

If we happened to meet, then to keep proving your devotion, over and over, complaints about the scolding of relatives — whether you remember it or not.

Here he is sceptical for the first time. Vafa jatane ko, to make a show of faithfulness, suggests the complaints about disapproving relatives were doing a job. They proved the risk she was running, and therefore how much she cared. He is remembering the performance, and letting you see that he knew.

وفا جتانا vafa jatana
to make a display of one's faithfulness
ملامت malamat
reproach, blame
اقربا aqriba
relatives, kin

06  — koi baat aisi agar hui ki tumhare ji ko buri lagi

کوئی بات ایسی اگر ہوئی کہ تمہارے جی کو بری لگی
تو بیاں سے پہلے ہی بھولنا تمہیں یاد ہو کہ نہ یاد ہو

कोई बात ऐसी अगर हुई कि तुम्हारे जी को बुरी लगी
तो बयाँ से पहले ही भूलना तुम्हें याद हो कि न याद हो

koi baat aisi agar hui ki tumhare ji ko buri lagi
to bayan se pahle hi bhulna tumhen yaad ho ki na yaad ho

If anything ever happened that struck you badly, forgetting it before it had even been spoken — whether you remember it or not.

A small piece of generosity, remembered exactly. Whatever went wrong was dropped before it reached words. And the refrain does something wicked here, because the thing being remembered is an act of forgetting, so it hardly matters whether she has kept it or not.

بیان bayan
the saying of a thing, its statement

07  — kabhi ham men tum men bhi chaah thi kabhi ham se tum se bhi raah thi

کبھی ہم میں تم میں بھی چاہ تھی کبھی ہم سے تم سے بھی راہ تھی
کبھی ہم بھی تم بھی تھے آشنا تمہیں یاد ہو کہ نہ یاد ہو

कभी हम में तुम में भी चाह थी कभी हम से तुम से भी राह थी
कभी हम भी तुम भी थे आश्ना तुम्हें याद हो कि न याद हो

kabhi ham men tum men bhi chaah thi kabhi ham se tum se bhi raah thi
kabhi ham bhi tum bhi the ashna tumhen yaad ho ki na yaad ho

Once there was love between us. Once there was a way open between us. Once we too were close — whether you remember it or not.

Three flat statements, each beginning with kabhi, once. No detail, nothing to picture. After six couplets crowded with specifics he suddenly gives you nothing but the fact that it happened, and the bareness lands all by itself. Ashna is the word he will come back to in the last couplet.

چاہ chaah
love, desire
آشنا ashna
close, familiar, an intimate

08  — suno zikr hai kai saal ka ki kiya ik aap ne vaada tha

سنو ذکر ہے کئی سال کا کہ کیا اک آپ نے وعدہ تھا
سو نباہنے کا تو ذکر کیا تمہیں یاد ہو کہ نہ یاد ہو

सुनो ज़िक्र है कई साल का कि किया इक आप ने वा'दा था
सो निबाहने का तो ज़िक्र क्या तुम्हें याद हो कि न याद हो

suno zikr hai kai saal ka ki kiya ik aap ne vaada tha
so nibahane ka to zikr kya tumhen yaad ho ki na yaad ho

Listen — this concerns something several years back. You once made a promise. Never mind keeping it — whether you remember it or not.

He lowers the bar in the middle of the line and you can hear him doing it. Keeping the promise is dropped from the conversation entirely, and all he is asking after now is whether the promise itself is still on file. Suno, listen, is the only time in the poem he tries to get her attention.

نباہنا nibahana
to keep a promise, to see it through

09  — kaha main ne baat vo kothe ki mire dil se saaf utar gai

کہا میں نے بات وہ کوٹھے کی مرے دل سے صاف اتر گئی
تو کہا کہ جانے مری بلا تمہیں یاد ہو کہ نہ یاد ہو

कहा मैं ने बात वो कोठे की मिरे दिल से साफ़ उतर गई
तो कहा कि जाने मिरी बला तुम्हें याद हो कि न याद हो

kaha main ne baat vo kothe ki mire dil se saaf utar gai
to kaha ki jaane miri bala tumhen yaad ho ki na yaad ho

I said that business of the rooftop had gone clean out of my heart. You said, what do I care — whether you remember it or not.

The most novelistic couplet here, and he refuses to explain any of it. Something happened on a roof and we are not told what. He announces he is over it, which is a way of raising it, and she declines to be drawn. Jaane miri bala is a dismissal with a shrug in it, and it is the only line in the poem where she speaks.

کوٹھا kotha
a rooftop
جانے میری بلا jaane miri bala
what do I care, to hell with it

10  — vo bigadna vasl ki raat ka vo na manna kisi baat ka

وہ بگڑنا وصل کی رات کا وہ نہ ماننا کسی بات کا
وہ نہیں نہیں کی ہر آن ادا تمہیں یاد ہو کہ نہ یاد ہو

वो बिगड़ना वस्ल की रात का वो न मानना किसी बात का
वो नहीं नहीं की हर आन अदा तुम्हें याद हो कि न याद हो

vo bigadna vasl ki raat ka vo na manna kisi baat ka
vo nahin nahin ki har aan ada tumhen yaad ho ki na yaad ho

That quarrelling on the night of union, that refusing everything, that no, no offered at every moment as a charm — whether you remember it or not.

He calls the refusals an ada, a grace, a practised mannerism, which reclassifies the whole night. The nos were style rather than rejections, and both of them knew it at the time. It is the couplet that opens the door on the night itself, and he still keeps it light.

وصل vasl
union, meeting
ادا ada
a charming mannerism, a graceful way of doing a thing

11  — jise aap ginte the ashna jise aap kahte the ba-vafa Maqta · signed by the poet

جسے آپ گنتے تھے آشنا جسے آپ کہتے تھے با وفا
میں وہی ہوں مومنؔ مبتلا تمہیں یاد ہو کہ نہ یاد ہو

जिसे आप गिनते थे आश्ना जिसे आप कहते थे बा-वफ़ा
मैं वही हूँ 'मोमिन'-ए-मुब्तला तुम्हें याद हो कि न याद हो

jise aap ginte the ashna jise aap kahte the ba-vafa
main vahi huun momin-e-mubtala tumhen yaad ho ki na yaad ho

The one you counted an intimate, the one you called faithful — I am that same afflicted Momin, whether you remember it or not.

His takhallus is also an ordinary word: a momin is a believer, one who keeps faith. So the last line says he is the man she knew and that he is still the one keeping it, in the same breath, without appearing to claim anything. Then mubtala, afflicted, caught, admits what that has cost, and the refrain takes it all back one final time.

با وفا ba-vafa
faithful, true
مبتلا mubtala
afflicted, caught in something

Reading it whole

The refrain is unbearable because it is polite. He never accuses her of having forgotten. He offers both possibilities every time, with exactly equal weight, and after eleven couplets her memory has become a room he is not allowed into. He can inventory everything he still has. He has no way of finding out whether she kept any of it.

Once, and only once, he drops the hesitation. In the second couplet he says it outright: he remembers everything, zara zara, every smallest piece. For that one moment the remembering is his rather than hers. Then the pattern resumes, and the refrain sounds different now, because we have heard what one answer looks like and she is still the only one who has not given it.

What keeps this ghazal alive is the sort of thing he chooses to remember. No grand declarations anywhere. Sulking over small matters. Talking in signs because other people were in the room. Complaints about being scolded by relatives. The no, no offered at every moment out of habit rather than refusal. These are the details a love affair actually runs on, and the poem has kept every one of them. There is nothing in the list anyone could dispute.

The last couplet puts his name to work. Momin is his pen-name and, in plain Urdu, just the word for a believer, someone who keeps faith. So the line does two jobs at once: I am the man you once called faithful, and I am still the one keeping it. He signs the poem with the very quality it is about. Then the refrain returns one last time and folds the whole thing back into the question.

Begum Akhtar's is the reading the ghazal is usually remembered by. Farida Khanum takes it slower and lets the refrain reach its full weight, which is not a comfortable thing to sit through eleven times.

How it rhymes

Every second line closes on the same word — تمہیں یاد ہو کہ نہ یاد ہو , tumhen yaad ho ki na yaad ho. That repetition is the radif. The rhyme falling just before it is the qafiya: The -a sound just before the refrain: qarar tha, haal par, ruthna, barmala, aqriba, bhulna, ashna, kya, bala, ada, mubtala. Hearing the two land together at the close of every sher is most of what makes this form sound the way it does.

Recordings

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All 128 poems, A to Z

Text and rights

Devanagari text supplied and checked by a reader who knows the language. The Urdu script and the transliteration follow that reading.

Added as a substitute for Chalte Chalte Yunhi Koi Mil Gaya Tha, which is often credited to Momin but is in fact Kaifi Azmi's lyric for the 1972 film Pakeezah.

Momin Khan Momin died in 1852, so the poem itself is out of copyright everywhere. The translation, the reading of each couplet and the essay around them are original work written for Harf.