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Script shown with the Urdu

مورے پیا گھر آئے More Piya Ghar Aae — My Beloved Has Come Home

Amir Khusrau

1253– 1325

Qawwali

A woman's beloved has come home and she cannot keep it to herself. She tells a friend, not him. The henna is on, the kohl is on, the parting of her hair is done, and the moment she saw his face she lost track of herself entirely.

Khusrau wrote his court poetry in Persian and his songs in Hindavi, the early form of the language that became Hindi and Urdu, and this is one of the songs. Five stanzas ahead. The middle one turns, and that turn is why it has lasted seven hundred years.

01  — more piya ghar aae

مورے پیا گھر آئے
اے ری سکھی مورے پیا گھر آئے

मोरे पिया घर आए
ऐ री सखी मोरे पिया घर आए

more piya ghar aae
ai ri sakhi more piya ghar aae

My beloved has come home. O my friend — my beloved has come home.

She says it, and then says it again with the friend's name attached, which is what people actually do with news they cannot contain. The song is addressed to the friend from the very first line. The beloved is the subject of every sentence and never once the person being spoken to.

پیا piya
beloved, husband
سکھی sakhi
a woman's close female friend

02  — bhaag lage is angan ko

بھاگ لگے اس آنگن کو
بل بل جاؤں میں اپنے پیا کے
چرن لگایو نردھن کو

भाग लगे इस आँगन को
बल-बल जाऊँ मैं अपने पिया के
चरण लगायो निर्धन को

bhaag lage is angan ko
bal-bal jaun main apne piya ke
charan lagayo nirdhan ko

Good fortune has come to this courtyard. I would give myself up for my beloved, who has set his feet in a poor woman's house.

The courtyard gets the luck before she does. The house is transformed first and she comes second. And she calls herself nirdhan, without wealth, so the visit is placed as something undeserved rather than earned. Bal-bal jaun is the standard phrase for offering yourself up in gratitude.

آنگن angan
the inner courtyard of a house
بل بل جانا bal-bal jana
to offer oneself up for someone
نردھن nirdhan
poor, without wealth

03  — main to khadi thi aas lagae

میں تو کھڑی تھی آس لگائے
مہندی کجرا مانگ سجائے
دیکھ صورتیا اپنے پیا کی
ہار گئی میں تن من کو

मैं तो खड़ी थी आस लगाए
मेहंदी कजरा माँग सजाए
देख सुरतिया अपने पिया की
हार गई मैं तन-मन को

main to khadi thi aas lagae
mehndi kajra maang sajae
dekh suratiya apne piya ki
haar gai main tan-man ko

I was standing there in hope, henna on, kohl on, the parting of my hair done up. And seeing my beloved's face, I lost body and soul together.

The preparations are listed one by one, henna, kohl, the parting, and the list is the measure of how long she had been getting ready. Then all of it stops mattering in half a line. Haar gai is the word for losing a wager, so the reckoning is that she staked herself and lost.

مہندی mehndi
henna
کاجل kajra
kohl
مانگ maang
the parting of the hair, marked by a married woman
تن من tan-man
body and soul

04  — jis ka piya sang biite savan

جس کا پیا سنگ بیتے ساون
اس دلہن کی رین سہاگن
جس ساون میں پیا گھر ناہیں
آگ لگے اس ساون کو

जिस का पिया संग बीते सावन
उस दुल्हन की रैन सुहागन
जिस सावन में पिया घर नाहीँ
आग लगे उस सावन को

jis ka piya sang biite savan
us dulhan ki rain suhagan
jis savan men piya ghar nahin
aag lage us savan ko

The bride whose beloved is beside her through Savan — her nights are blessed. And the Savan in which the beloved is not at home: let that season burn.

The song turns here. In the middle of her own good luck she stops to think about the other case, and she does not pity it. She curses it. Savan is the monsoon month, the season this whole repertoire belongs to, so she is cursing the setting of her own song. It is the one stanza with any violence in it, and it is aimed at a month.

ساون savan
the monsoon month, the season of longing songs
رین rain
night
سہاگن suhagan
a woman whose husband is living; a blessed wife

05  — apne piya ko main kis vidh paun

اپنے پیا کو میں کس ودھ پاؤں
لاج کی ماری میں تو ڈوبی ڈوبی جاؤں
تم ہی جتن کرو اے ری سکھی ری
میں من بھاؤں ساجن کو

अपने पिया को मैं किस विध पाऊँ
लाज की मारी मैं तो डुबी-डुबी जाऊँ
तुम ही जतन करो ऐ री सखी री
मैं मन भाऊँ साजन को

apne piya ko main kis vidh paun
laaj ki maari main to Dubi-Dubi jaun
tum hi jatan karo ai ri sakhi ri
main man bhaun sajan ko

By what means am I to reach my beloved? Struck down by shyness, I keep sinking and sinking. You do something, my friend — it is his heart I want to please.

After twice announcing that he has arrived, she asks how she is supposed to get to him, which withdraws the whole premise. He is in the house and still out of reach, and what stands between them is her own shyness rather than any distance. So she hands the problem to the friend, and the song ends with it unsolved.

ودھ vidh
way, means, method
لاج laaj
modesty, shyness, shame
جتن jatan
effort, a contrivance

Reading it whole

What this sounds like is somebody too full of news to hold on to it. She never addresses the beloved once. Everything gets reported sideways to a sakhi, the female friend a woman tells everything to, one of the oldest frames in the North Indian song tradition, and it shows: the whole thing stays at the pitch of gossip rather than prayer.

Then the fourth stanza swerves. She has been describing her own good fortune, and she stops to consider the other case. The bride whose beloved is beside her through Savan has blessed nights. And the Savan in which he is not at home, let that season burn. Savan is the monsoon month, and she curses it outright. In a song about arrival she has made room for the possibility of absence, and then set fire to it.

The last stanza is stranger still, because it takes the certainty back. Having said twice that he has come home, she asks how on earth she is to reach him, says she is sinking under her own shyness, and asks the friend to do something about it. The arrival has not solved the problem. He is here, she still cannot get to him, and she needs somebody else's help to manage it.

In Sufi gatherings this gets sung as allegory, the waiting soul as the bride and the divine as the one who arrives, and it works perfectly well that way. It also works as exactly what it appears to be. Neither reading has to be given up for the other, and qawwali does not generally ask you to choose.

Fareed Ayaz and Abu Muhammad usually sing Khwaja in place of piya, which makes the second reading audible without changing anything else. Ustad Shujaat Husain Khan's is a sung version rather than a qawwali one, slow enough to catch every word.

Recordings

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Text and rights

Devanagari text supplied and checked by a reader who knows the language. The Urdu script and the transliteration follow that reading.

This is Khusrau's More Piya Ghar Aae. It is often confused with Mera Piya Ghar Aaya, a separate Punjabi kafi attributed to Bulleh Shah, which Nusrat Fateh Ali Khan also recorded.

Hindavi song texts of this age vary between collections, and singers add and drop lines freely.

Amir Khusrau died in 1325, so the text is out of copyright everywhere. The translation, the reading of each stanza and the essay around them are original work written for Harf.